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One drop of xylocaine instilled four times after every 4 minutes will produce conjunctival and corneal anaesthesia. Paracaine, tetracaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine etc. may also be used in place of xylocaine. [1] Cataract surgery by phacoemulsification is frequently performed under surface anaesthesia.
The primary causes include post-cataract surgery, certain medications, and, less commonly, neurological or ophthalmological conditions. Post-cataract surgery is a common cause, as replacing the natural lens with a synthetic one increases exposure to blue light, leading to temporary blue-tinted vision. This effect usually resolves as the eye adapts.
Envelope capsulotomy is done by making a linear incision in upper one-third of anterior capsule, after which the nucleus is extracted and cortical matter arpirated. After cataract removal cuts are started at the ends of the incision and the opening for implantation is formed by tearing as in CCC.
Eye surgery, also known as ophthalmic surgery or ocular surgery, is surgery performed on the eye or its adnexa. [1] Eye surgery is part of ophthalmology and is performed by an ophthalmologist or eye surgeon. The eye is a fragile organ, and requires due care before, during, and after a surgical procedure to minimize or prevent further damage.
Early symptoms of cataract may be improved by wearing appropriate glasses; if this does not help, cataract surgery is the only effective treatment. [4] Surgery with implants generally results in better vision and an improved quality of life : however, the procedure is not readily available in many countries.
In intra-capsular cataract extraction (ICCE), the whole lens including the anterior part of the capsule is removed. During more common extra capsular cataract surgery procedures like micro incision cataract surgery, phacoemulsification etc., the clouded lens is removed through an opening made in the anterior lens capsule. [23]
Complications after cataract surgery are relatively uncommon. Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) may occur but does not directly threaten vision. [23] Some people develop a posterior capsular opacification (PCO), also called an after-cataract. This may compromise visual acuity, and can usually be safely and painlessly corrected using a laser.
Clonazepam, sold under the brand name Klonopin among others, is a benzodiazepine medication used to prevent and treat anxiety disorders, seizures, bipolar mania, agitation associated with psychosis, obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and akathisia. [11] It is a long-acting [12] tranquilizer of the benzodiazepine class. [11]