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The water solubility of sulfo-NHS-esters stems from their sulfonate group on the N-hydroxysuccinimide ring and eliminates the need to dissolve the reagent in an organic solvent. Sulfo-NHS-esters of biotin also can be used as cell surface biotinylation reagents, because they do not penetrate the cell membrane .
Examples of lyophilized biological products include many vaccines such as live measles virus vaccine, typhoid vaccine, and meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine groups A and C combined. Other freeze-dried biological products include antihemophilic factor VIII , interferon alfa , anti-blood clot medicine streptokinase , and wasp venom allergenic ...
The first hydration shell of a sodium ion dissolved in water. DNA is typically separated from other cell constituents in a two-phase solution of phenol and water. Due to its highly charged phosphate backbone DNA is polar and will concentrate in the water phase while lipids and proteins will concentrate in the phenol phase.
Protein precipitation is widely used in downstream processing of biological products in order to concentrate proteins and purify them from various contaminants. For example, in the biotechnology industry protein precipitation is used to eliminate contaminants commonly contained in blood. [1]
The free NCBI tool Primer-BLAST integrates primer design and BLAST search into one application, [6] as do commercial software products such as ePrime and Beacon Designer. Computer simulations of theoretical PCR results ( Electronic PCR ) may be performed to assist in primer design by giving melting and annealing temperatures, etc. [ 7 ]
There are two main types of primase: DnaG found in most bacteria, and the AEP (Archaeo-Eukaryote Primase) superfamily found in archaean and eukaryotic primases. While bacterial primases (DnaG-type) are composed of a single protein unit (a monomer) and synthesize RNA primers, AEP primases are usually composed of two different primase units (a heterodimer) and synthesize two-part primers with ...
A Zydis tablet is produced by lyophilizing or freeze-drying the drug in a matrix usually consisting of gelatin.The resulting product is very lightweight and fragile, and must be dispensed in a special blister pack.
Plasmid miniprep. 0.8% agarose gel ethidium bromide-stained.. A plasmid preparation is a method of DNA extraction and purification for plasmid DNA.It is an important step in many molecular biology experiments and is essential for the successful use of plasmids in research and biotechnology.