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Memory hierarchy of an AMD Bulldozer server. The number of levels in the memory hierarchy and the performance at each level has increased over time. The type of memory or storage components also change historically. [6] For example, the memory hierarchy of an Intel Haswell Mobile [7] processor circa 2013 is:
Various forms of directories, policies for maintaining free space in the local memories, migration policies, and policies for read-only copies have been developed. Hybrid NUMA-COMA organizations have also been proposed, such as Reactive NUMA, which allows pages to start in NUMA mode and switch to COMA mode if appropriate and is implemented in ...
Date/Time Thumbnail Dimensions User Comment; current: 08:38, 20 August 2009: 1,198 × 796 (6 KB): Akvitberg: Removed transparent background. 08:36, 20 August 2009
Highly requested data is cached in high-speed access memory stores, allowing swifter access by central processing unit (CPU) cores. Cache hierarchy is a form and part of memory hierarchy and can be considered a form of tiered storage. [1] This design was intended to allow CPU cores to process faster despite the memory latency of main memory access.
It was developed by Frederick W. Viehe and An Wang in the late 1940s, and improved by Jay Forrester and Jan A. Rajchman in the early 1950s, before being commercialized with the Whirlwind I computer in 1953. [8] Magnetic-core memory was the dominant form of memory until the development of MOS semiconductor memory in the 1960s. [9]
Pages for logged out editors ... Diagram showing the memory hierarchy of a modern computer architecture ... Description=Diagram showing the memory hierarchy of a ...
An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer, also referred to as computer architecture.A realization of an ISA is called an implementation.An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things); because the ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware.
The memory traffic denotes the number of bytes of memory transfers incurred during the execution of the kernel or application. [1] In contrast to W {\displaystyle W} , Q {\displaystyle Q} is heavily dependent on the properties of the chosen platform, such as for instance the structure of the cache hierarchy.