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The main parties to a criminal trial are the judge, [1] the defendant, [2] and the prosecutor (the Pubblico Ministero). [3] There are other parties that are optional, and they are: the Polizia Giudiziaria (Judiciary Police, a branch of the police whose duty is to help a prosecutor during his investigations), [4] the parte lesa (the injured party), [5] the responsabile civile (civilly liable ...
The Penal Code (Codice Penale) has its origins in Roman law and in Middle Ages canonical law, although the Code in its current state was written during the French Enlightenment. All offences are classified as either delitti or contravvenzioni , the former representing the more serious of the two.
In Italian law, the main regulatory body for criminal law is the Italian penal code, which is one of the sources of Italian criminal law together with the Constitution and special laws. [25] The Italian penal code was approved with Royal decree no. 1,398 of 19 October 1930, entered into force on 1 July 1931 [ 26 ] and has been amended several ...
The Italian Penal Code of 1889, commonly known as the Zanardelli Code (Italian: Codice Zanardelli), was the penal code in effect in the Kingdom of Italy from 1890 to 1930, and it is still in effect in Vatican City. The Zanardelli code gets its name from Giuseppe Zanardelli, then Minister of Justice, who lobbied for the code's approval. [1]
The Penal Code's evolution is particularly noteworthy. The first comprehensive Italian Penal Code, known as the "Zanardelli Code" named after former ministry Giuseppe Zanardelli, was enacted in 1889, featuring liberal principles including the abolition of the death penalty.
Penal damages are liquidated damages which exceed reasonable compensatory damages, making them invalid under common law.While liquidated damage clauses set a pre-agreed value on the expected loss to one party if the other party were to breach the contract, penal damages go further and seek to penalise the breaching party beyond the reasonable losses from the breach. [1]
A Milan court has ordered a journalist to pay Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni damages of 5,000 euros ($5,465) for making fun of her in a social media post, news agency ANSA and other local ...
The French penal code, as a rule, requires a person to have acted with mens rea, for an act to be punishable. [47] Comparably, the Italian Penal Code , enacted on October 19, 1930, specifies in Article 42 that a person can only be punished for a crime if it was committed with intent. However, Article 43 provides exceptions for crimes arising ...