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The history of the Jews in the Czech lands, historically the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, including the modern Czech Republic (i.e. Bohemia, Moravia, and the southeast or Czech Silesia), goes back many centuries. There is evidence that Jews have lived in Moravia and Bohemia since as early as the 10th century. [5]
For the Czechs of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia, German occupation was a period of brutal oppression. The Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia (117,551 according to the 1930 census) was virtually annihilated. Many Jews emigrated after 1939; approximately 78,000 were killed. By 1945, some 14,000 Jews remained alive in the Czech lands. [5]
Gate of No Return [], a memorial at Praha–Bubny railway station commemorating the deportation of tens of thousands Jews via the station. The Holocaust in Bohemia and Moravia resulted in the deportation, dispossession, and murder of most of the pre-World War II population of Jews in the Czech lands that were annexed by Nazi Germany between 1939 and 1945.
There was a large and thriving community of Jews, both religious and secular, in Czechoslovakia before World War II. Many perished during the Holocaust . Today, nearly all of the survivors have inter-married and assimilated into Czech and Slovak society.
Map shows the main fortress and the Small Fortress (right) on opposite sides of the Eger River. On 24 November 1941, the first trainload of deportees arrived at the Sudeten barracks in Theresienstadt; they were 342 young Jewish men whose task was to prepare the town for the arrival of thousands of other Jews beginning 30 November.
Population of Bohemia and Moravia, the Czech Socialist Republic and Czech Republic to ethnic group 1921–1991 Ethnic group census 1921 1 census 1930 census 1950 census 1961 census 1970 census 1980 census 1991 Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Czechs: 6,758,983 67.5 7,304,588 68.3 8,343,558 93.9 9,023,501 94.2 ...
The Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia (118,000 according to the 1930 census) was virtually annihilated, with over 75,000 murdered. [27] Of the 92,199 people classified as Jews by German authorities in the Protectorate as of 1939, 78,154 were murdered in the Holocaust, or 85 percent. [31]
This category is for Jews, or people of Jewish ethnicity, who were born or lived in what is now the Czech Republic (and used to be known as Bohemia or Bohemian Crown, including Moravia) or had close associations with the area. This is a mostly geographical term.