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Emergency core cooling systems (ECCS) are designed to safely shut down a nuclear reactor during accident conditions. The ECCS allows the plant to respond to a variety of accident conditions (e.g. LOCAs) and additionally introduce redundancy so that the plant can be shut down even with one or more subsystem failures. In most plants, ECCS is ...
The high-pressure coolant injection system is the first line of defense in the emergency core cooling system. HPCI is designed to inject substantial quantities of water into the reactor while it is at high pressure so as to prevent the activation of the automatic depressurization, core spray, and low-pressure coolant injection systems.
ESBWR safety systems are designed to operate normally in the event of station blackout, which prevented proper functioning of the emergency core cooling systems at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Below the vessel, there is a piping structure (core catcher) that allows for cooling of the core during any very severe accident.
English: Passive emergency core cooling system (ECCS): 1 - reactor core 2 - safety rods 3 - "hot" pipe of primary cooling loop 4 - "cold" pipe of primary cooling loop 5 - dropping slit 6 - lower mixing chamber 7 - ECCS water storage 8 - non-return valve 9 - steam generator 10 - primary cooling loop's pipe blow-out 11 - coolant pump. 12 ...
English: Active emergency core cooling system (ECCS): A - area inside containment structure B - area outside containment structure 1 - ECCS water storage 2 - ECCS low-pressure pump 3 - non-return valve 4 - drain-well 5 - heat exchanger 6 - ECCS water storage 7 - ECCS high-pressure pump 8 - containment structure wall 9 - water output to reactor
BWR designs incorporate failsafe protection systems to rapidly cool and make safe the uncovered fuel prior to it reaching this temperature; these failsafe systems are known as the Emergency Core Cooling System. The ECCS is designed to rapidly flood the reactor pressure vessel, spray water on the core itself, and sufficiently cool the reactor ...
The safety systems close non-essential lines into the air-tight containment by shutting the isolation valves. Emergency Core Cooling Systems are quickly turned on to cool the fuel and prevent it from melting. The exact sequence of events depends on the reactor design. [12] [13]
This process keeps the cooling water in the reactor, making it unnecessary to use powered feedwater pumps. The water in the open pool slowly boils off, venting clean steam to the atmosphere. This makes it unnecessary to run mechanical systems to remove heat. Periodically, the pool must be refilled, a simple task for a fire truck.