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  2. Gallium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium

    Gallium does not occur as a free element in nature, but rather as gallium(III) compounds in trace amounts in zinc ores (such as sphalerite) and in bauxite. Elemental gallium is a liquid at temperatures greater than 29.76 °C (85.57 °F), and will melt in a person's hands at normal human body temperature of 37.0 °C (98.6 °F).

  3. List of chemical elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements

    118 chemical elements have been identified and named officially by IUPAC.A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z).

  4. Naming of chemical elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naming_of_chemical_elements

    Similarly, the name helium is derived from the Greek word for the Sun (Ἢλιος, Helios), as the first evidence for helium came in the form of distinctive emission lines from the Sun that were not explainable by any of the known elements in the 1870s. [37] Tellurium is named after the Latin word tellus, meaning "earth".

  5. Periodic table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table

    The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of the elements, is an ordered arrangement of the chemical elements into rows ("periods") and columns ("groups"). It is an icon of chemistry and is widely used in physics and other sciences.

  6. Chemical symbol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_symbol

    Chemical symbols are the abbreviations used in chemistry, mainly for chemical elements; but also for functional groups, chemical compounds, and other entities. Element symbols for chemical elements, also known as atomic symbols, normally consist of one or two letters from the Latin alphabet and are written with the first letter capitalised.

  7. Discovery of chemical elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_of_chemical_elements

    Francium was the last element to be discovered in nature, rather than synthesized in the lab, although four of the "synthetic" elements that were discovered later (plutonium, neptunium, astatine, and promethium) were eventually found in trace amounts in nature as well. [178]

  8. List of physical constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_physical_constants

    The constants listed here are known values of physical constants expressed in SI units; that is, physical quantities that are generally believed to be universal in nature and thus are independent of the unit system in which they are measured. Many of these are redundant, in the sense that they obey a known relationship with other physical ...

  9. List of chemical element name etymologies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_element...

    41 of the 118 known elements have names associated with, or specifically named for, places around the world or among astronomical objects. 32 of these have names tied to the places on Earth, and the other nine are named after to Solar System objects: helium for the Sun; tellurium for the Earth; selenium for the Moon; mercury (indirectly), uranium, neptunium and plutonium after their respective ...