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Additionally, these lines are only allowed for high-speed passenger rail where no out-of-gauge loads are expected and the windows in the trains can not be opened. In Japan, the first high-speed tracks of the Central Japan Railway Company Shinkansen were built with a distance between track centres of 4.3 m (14 ft). [1]
The distance between the inside edges of the heads of the rails is defined to be 1,435 mm ... Standard gauge railway lines made a return in 2014 on experimental ...
If the difference between the two gauges is large enough – for example between 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) – three-rail dual-gauge is possible, but if not – for example between 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) metre gauge – four rails must be used. Dual-gauge rail lines ...
The Melbourne to Albury railway originally consisted of separate 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) gauge and 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) gauge single track lines, but when traffic on the broad gauge declined, the lines were converted to bi-directional double track 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) gauge lines.
Track gauge or rail gauge (also known as track gage in North America [8]) is the distance between the inner sides (gauge sides) of the heads of the two load bearing rails that make up a single railway line. Each country uses different gauges for different types of trains.
A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) used by standard-gauge railways.. Broad gauge of 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 + 27 ⁄ 32 in), more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries (CIS states, Baltic states, Georgia, Ukraine) and Mongolia.
A narrow-gauge railway is one where the distance between the inside edges of the rails is less than 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in). [2] Historically, the term was sometimes used to refer to what are now standard-gauge railways, to distinguish them from broad-gauge railways, but this use no longer applies.
Until 2008, there was a dual-gauge line between Wodonga and Bandiana. At Albury railway station, New South Wales, a 1600 mm (5 ft 3 in) and 1435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) dual-gauge line was in place until 2011. A dual-gauge line was within Tocumwal railway station until 1988, when the standard gauge component was put out of use.