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Cataract surgery and IOL implantation have the safest and highest success rates of any eye care-related procedures. As with any type of surgery, however, some level of risk remains. [7] Most complications of cataract surgery do not result in long-term visual impairment, but some severe complications can lead to irreversible blindness. [90]
Posterior capsular opacification, also known as after-cataract, is a condition in which months or years after successful cataract surgery, vision deteriorates or problems with glare and light scattering recur, usually due to thickening of the back or posterior capsule surrounding the implanted lens, so-called 'posterior lens capsule opacification'.
There are multiple indications for cataract surgery. [2] An absolute indication signifies need for surgical correction. [2] Surgical correction of the cataract is indicated when lens opacification blocks the ref reflex and dilated pupils are detected, strabismus with unilateral cataract, or nystagmus with bilateral cataracts. [2]
After cataract surgery, patients with diabetes mellitus are generally acknowledged to have an increased risk of macular edema. [ 12 ] A prior history of retinal vein occlusion was the only significant preoperative risk factor in a large retrospective series of 1659 consecutive cataract surgeries.
Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is an evolution of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE); the lens is removed from the eye through a self-sealing scleral tunnel wound. A well-constructed scleral tunnel is held closed by internal pressure, is watertight, and does not require suturing.
An intracameral injection is usually of an antibiotic into the anterior chamber of the eyeball to prevent endophthalmitis caused by an infection of the eye that can occur after cataract surgery. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved antibiotics for this use and it is considered 'off-label'.
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