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A scanning electron microscope image of a single human lymphocyte. The adaptive immune system, AIS, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized cells, organs, and processes that eliminate pathogens specifically.
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. [1] They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system. [1] B cells produce antibody molecules which may be either secreted or inserted into the plasma membrane where they serve as a part of B-cell receptors. [2]
In immunology, a memory B cell (MBC) is a type of B lymphocyte that forms part of the adaptive immune system. These cells develop within germinal centers of the secondary lymphoid organs. Memory B cells circulate in the blood stream in a quiescent state, sometimes for decades. [1]
A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in the immune system of most vertebrates. [1] Lymphocytes include T cells (for cell-mediated and cytotoxic adaptive immunity), B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity), [2] [3] and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs; "innate T cell-like" cells involved in mucosal immunity and homeostasis), of which natural killer cells are an ...
MHC peptide presentation along with co-stimulatory ligand/receptor binding. The adaptive immune response is the body's second line of defense.The cells of the adaptive immune system are extremely specific because during early developmental stages the B and T cells develop antigen receptors that are specific to only certain antigens.
The adaptive immune system and antigen-specific receptor generation (TCR, antibodies) are responsible for adaptive immune memory. [citation needed] After the inflammatory immune response to danger-associated antigen, some of the antigen-specific T cells and B cells persist in the body and become long-living memory T and B cells. After the ...
The first experimental evidence came in 1958, when Gustav Nossal and Joshua Lederberg showed that one B cell always produces only one antibody. [6] The idea turned out to be the foundation of molecular immunology, especially in adaptive immunity. [7]
Dust cell; 20-21 Carbon debris from lungs; General macrophage targets [8] Dendritic cell: Monocyte: Dendritic cell: DC; Cellula dendritiformis; 10-15 Process antigen material and present to the T cell; Messengers between innate and adaptive immune system [12] [13] B cell: Lymphocyte: B cell: B lymphocyte; Lymphocytus B; 8-10 Produces antibody ...