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In type 1 diabetes, insulin production is extremely low, and as such the body requires exogenous insulin. Some people with type 2 diabetes, particularly those with very high hemoglobin A1c values, may also require a baseline rate of insulin, as their body is desensitized to the level of insulin being produced. Basal insulin regulates the body's ...
Although it must be used with caution in patients with impaired liver or kidney function, Metformin, a biguanide, has become the most commonly used agent for type 2 diabetes in children and teenagers. Among common diabetic drugs, Metformin is the only widely used oral drug that does not cause weight gain.
This is a list of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions, including hospital orders (the patient-directed part of which is referred to as sig codes).This list does not include abbreviations for pharmaceuticals or drug name suffixes such as CD, CR, ER, XT (See Time release technology § List of abbreviations for those).
Chronic hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) injures the heart in patients without a history of heart disease or diabetes and is strongly associated with heart attacks and death in subjects with no coronary heart disease or history of heart failure. [22] Also, a life-threatening consequence of hyperglycemia can be nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome. [16]
Patients with diabetes should eat preferably a balanced and healthy diet. Meals should consist of half a plate of non-starchy vegetables, 1/4 plate of lean protein, and 1/4 plate of starch/grain. [18] Patients should avoid excess simple carbs or added fat (such as butter, salad dressing) and instead eat complex carbohydrates such as whole ...
75 g of oral dose is the recommendation of the WHO to be used in all adults, [11] and is the main dosage used in the United States. [12] The dose is adjusted for weight only in children. [11] The dose should be drunk within 5 minutes. A variant is often used in pregnancy to screen for gestational diabetes, with a screening test of 50 g over one ...
GLP-1 agonists were initially developed for type 2 diabetes. [5] The 2022 American Diabetes Association (ADA) standards of medical care in diabetes include GLP-1 agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors as a first-line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes in patients who have or are at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or heart failure.
When diabetes is the cause, physicians typically recommend an anti-diabetic medication as treatment. From the perspective of the majority of patients, treatment with an old, well-understood diabetes drug such as metformin will be the safest, most effective, least expensive, and most comfortable route to managing the condition.