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It is based on a direct reaction between methane and oleum at around 50 °C and 100 bar in the presence of a potassium persulfate initiator. [10] Further addition of sulfur trioxide gives methanedisulfonic acid instead. [11] This technology was acquired and commercialized by BASF in 2019. [12]
Dimethyl sulfone (DMSO 2) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 SO 2. It is also known by several other names including methyl sulfone and (especially in alternative medicine) methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). [4] This colorless solid features the sulfonyl functional group and is the simplest of the sulfones. It is relatively inert ...
The C−S bond dissociation energy for thiomethane is 89 kcal/mol (370 kJ/mol) compared to methane's 100 kcal/mol (420 kJ/mol) and when hydrogen is replaced by a methyl group the energy decreases to 73 kcal/mol (305 kJ/mol). [5] The single carbon to oxygen bond is shorter than that of the C−C bond.
Dimethyl ether: 8.180 0.07246 Dimethyl sulfide: ... Hydrogen: 0.2476 0.02661 Hydrogen bromide: 4.510 ... Sulfur dioxide: 6.803 0.05636
However, all these early synthetic routes suffered from numerous byproducts. A higher-yielding synthesis was introduced by Hilmar Johannes Backer in 1929, treating dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2) with potassium sulfite under hydrothermal conditions to get a methionate salt. [12] CH 2 Cl 2 + 2 K 2 SO 3 → CH 2 (SO 3 K) 2 + 2 KCl
Methanesulfonyl chloride is mainly used to give methanesulfonates by its reaction with alcohols in the presence of a non-nucleophilic base. [8] In contrast to the formation of toluenesulfonates from alcohols and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in the presence of pyridine, the formation of methanesulfonates is believed to proceed via a mechanism wherein methanesulfonyl chloride first undergoes an ...
Treatment of sulfur with hydrogen gives hydrogen sulfide.When dissolved in water, hydrogen sulfide is mildly acidic: [5] H 2 S ⇌ HS − + H +. Hydrogen sulfide gas and the hydrosulfide anion are extremely toxic to mammals, due to their inhibition of the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin and certain cytochromes in a manner analogous to cyanide and azide.
Reductive desulfonylation reactions lead to the replacement of a carbon-sulfur bond in the sulfonyl group with a carbon-hydrogen bond.Because the sulfonyl group is by definition attached to two carbons, however, reduction to two sets of products is possible.