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The Early Ordovician is the first epoch of the Ordovician period, corresponding to the Lower Ordovician series of the Ordovician system. It began after the Age 10 of the Furongian epoch of the Cambrian and lasted from 486.85 to 471.3 million years ago, until the Dapingian age of the Middle Ordovician .
The Ordovician–Silurian extinction events may have been caused by an ice age that occurred at the end of the Ordovician Period, due to the expansion of the first terrestrial plants, [54] as the end of the Late Ordovician was one of the coldest times in the last 600 million years of Earth's history.
The evidence of plant evolution changes dramatically in the Ordovician with the first extensive appearance of embryophyte spores in the fossil record. The earliest terrestrial plants lived during the Middle Ordovician around 470 million years ago , based on their fossils found in the form of monads and spores, with resistant polymers in their ...
The Sandbian is the first stage of the Upper Ordovician.It follows the Darriwilian and is succeeded by the Katian.Its lower boundary is defined as the first appearance datum of the graptolite species Nemagraptus gracilis around 458.2 million years ago.
Land plants evolved from a group of freshwater green algae, perhaps as early as 850 mya, [3] but algae-like plants might have evolved as early as 1 billion years ago. [2] The closest living relatives of land plants are the charophytes, specifically Charales; if modern Charales are similar to the distant ancestors they share with land plants, this means that the land plants evolved from a ...
The Darriwilian is the upper stage of the Middle Ordovician.It is preceded by the Dapingian and succeeded by the Upper Ordovician Sandbian Stage. The lower boundary of the Darriwilian is defined as the first appearance of the graptolite species Undulograptus austrodentatus around 469.4 million years ago.
Spanish conquistadors first encountered the plant in the late 15th century, and their writings at the time describe natives “carry[ing] these leaves in their mouths without eating them, but ...
They are represented by a single genus, Astraspis, including possibly two species, A. desiderata and A. splendens [2] but their remains are fairly abundant in Ordovician sandstones of the USA (Colorado, Arizona, Oklahoma, Wyoming) and Canada . The head armor of Astraspis is rather massive, with a series of ten gill openings lining the margin of ...