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The dressings used for the technique include foam dressings and gauze, sealed with an occlusive dressing intended to contain the vacuum at the wound site. [1] Where NPWT devices allow delivery of fluids, such as saline or antibiotics to irrigate the wound, intermittent removal of used fluid supports the cleaning and drainage of the wound bed. [6]
A dressing or compress [1] is a piece of material such as a pad applied to a wound to promote healing and protect the wound from further harm. A dressing is designed to be in direct contact with the wound, as distinguished from a bandage , which is most often used to hold a dressing in place.
[1] [5] Hydrogel dressings should possess mechanical and physical properties similar to the 3D microenvironment of the extracellular matrix of human skin. [6] Hydrogel wound dressings are designed to have a mechanism for application and removal which minimizes further trauma to tissues. [1]
Hydrocolloid dressings are used to treat uninfected wounds. [6] Dressings may be used, under medical supervision, even where aerobic infection is present; the infection should be treated appropriately. [citation needed] The dressing is applied to a cleaned wound. Hydrocolloid patches are sometimes used on the face for acne.
Allowing a dressing to proceed from moist to dry, then manually removing the dressing causes a form of non-selective debridement. This method works best on wounds with moderate amounts of necrotic debris (e.g. "dead tissue"). [citation needed] Maggot debridement being used on a diabetic foot ulcer.
Alginate dressings are useful for moderate to heavily exuding wounds. In the form of fibres trapped in a wound, alginate is readily biodegradable [15] and can be rinsed away with saline irrigation. Subsequent removal therefore, does not destroy granulation tissue, making dressing change virtually painless.
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