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The radiation dose for a particular examination depends on multiple factors: volume scanned, patient build, number and type of scan protocol, and desired resolution and image quality. [146] Two helical CT scanning parameters, tube current and pitch, can be adjusted easily and have a profound effect on radiation.
In conventional CT machines, an X-ray tube and detector are physically rotated behind a circular shroud (see the image above right). An alternative, short lived design, known as electron beam tomography (EBT), used electromagnetic deflection of an electron beam within a very large conical X-ray tube and a stationary array of detectors to achieve very high temporal resolution, for imaging of ...
Siemens was the first to combine positron emission tomography (PET) with computed tomography (CT). [25] By creating this hybrid imaging system, Siemens combined the PET scanner's ability to visualize biological processes of life with a CT system's anatomical image of tissues and organs.
The best known standards and protocols used by DICOM are: [29] DICOM Makes use of the OSI network model. It uses the 2 network protocols on which the Internet is based and which allow data transfer, TCP / IP, and the HTTP hypertext transfer protocol. Additionally DICOM has its own MIME content type. DICOM uses other protocols such as DHCP, SAML ...
A Siemens brand SPECT scanner, consisting of two gamma cameras. Instead of just "taking a picture of anatomical structures", a SPECT scan monitors level of biological activity at each place in the 3-D region analyzed. Emissions from the radionuclide indicate amounts of blood flow in the capillaries of the imaged regions.
Electron beam CT scanners are considered a fifth generation CT scanner, with first generation being the pencil beam with translation and rotation, second generation being a fan beam with similar motion to its predecessor, third generation having both rotating fan beam and detectors and fourth generation being a fan beam with a rotating movement but fixed detector.
Contrasted CT scans of the chest are usually used to confirm diagnosis of for lung cancer and abscesses, as well as to assess lymph node status at the hila and the mediastinum. CT pulmonary angiogram , which uses time-matched ("phased") protocols to assess the lung perfusion and the patency of great arteries and veins , particularly to look for ...
Siemens-Duewag U2 LRV – Edmonton Transit System and Calgary Transit – Alberta, Canada; Siemens SD-160 – Edmonton Transit System and Calgary Transit – Alberta, Canada; LHB/Siemens M1/M2/M3 Metro (Pair) – Prague Metro Czech Republic; Siemens-Adtranz LRV; MX3000 Metro car for Oslo (SGP Wien works) – Oslo T-bane, Norway; CAF S4000 Metro ...