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The Scyphozoa are an exclusively marine class of the phylum Cnidaria, [2] referred to as the true jellyfish (or "true jellies"). The class name Scyphozoa comes from the Greek word skyphos ( σκύφος ), denoting a kind of drinking cup and alluding to the cup shape of the organism.
Turritopsis dohrnii, also known as the immortal jellyfish, is a species of small, biologically immortal jellyfish [2] [3] found worldwide in temperate to tropic waters. It is one of the few known cases of animals capable of completely reverting to a sexually immature, colonial stage after having reached sexual maturity as a solitary individual.
These microorganisms live primarily in the mesoglea and lining of the cnidarian's gastrovascular system, bolstering oxygen production, and remain with the jellyfish for the rest of their lifespans. The polyps also undergo asexual reproduction to create more polyps; [ 2 ] parts of each polyp will eventually metamorphose [ 5 ] into ephyrae, which ...
Craspedacusta sowerbii or peach blossom jellyfish [1] is a species of freshwater hydrozoan jellyfish, or hydromedusa cnidarian. Hydromedusan jellyfish differ from scyphozoan jellyfish because they have a muscular, shelf-like structure called a velum on the ventral surface, attached to the bell margin.
Jellyfish can live for up to five years in the polyp stage and up to two years in the medusa stage (active). [citation needed] When found in warm waters these jellyfish flourish. They are mostly euryhaline but low salinities may have a negative effect on the species. In times of low salinity, these jellyfish exhibit loss of their zooxanthellae. [4]
The cells making up these two body layers are relatively simple. Hydramacin [ 5 ] is a bactericide recently discovered in Hydra ; it protects the outer layer against infection. A single Hydra is composed of 50,000 to 100,000 cells which consist of three specific stem cell populations that create many different cell types.
Jellyfish are slow swimmers, and most species form part of the plankton. Traditionally jellyfish have been viewed as trophic dead ends, minor players in the marine food web, gelatinous organisms with a body plan largely based on water that offers little nutritional value or interest for other organisms apart from a few specialised predators such as the ocean sunfish and the leatherback sea turtle.
Chrysaora fuscescens, the Pacific sea nettle or West Coast sea nettle, is a widespread planktonic scyphozoan cnidarian—or medusa, "jellyfish" or "jelly"—that lives in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, in temperate to cooler waters off of British Columbia and the West Coast of the United States, ranging south to México.
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