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An online edition of the Ubuntu Software Center was released, the Ubuntu Apps Directory. The Web store shows the same content as the Software Center application, with a download button that opens the application if running Ubuntu or a link to download the Ubuntu operating system installer if running a different operating system. [9]
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Desktop uses Linux kernel 5.17 for newer hardware and a rolling HWE (hardware enablement) kernel based on version 5.15 for other hardware; Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Server uses version 5.15, while Ubuntu Cloud and Ubuntu for IoT use an optimized kernel based on version 5.15. It updates Python to 3.10 and Ruby to 3.0. [274]
A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a command line user interface for Unix-like operating systems. The shell is both an interactive command language and a scripting language, and is used by the operating system to control the execution of the system using shell scripts. [2]
Ubuntu (/ ʊ ˈ b ʊ n t uː / ⓘ uu-BUUN-too) [9] is a Linux distribution derived from Debian and composed mostly of free and open-source software. [10] [11] [12] Ubuntu is officially released in multiple editions: Desktop, [13] Server, [14] and Core [15] for Internet of things devices [16] and robots.
However, for explicit licensing reasons with Catalina [76] (c.2019), Apple replaced its default shell, Bash version 3.2 (c.2006), with Z Shell version 5.7 (c.2019). [77] [78] "The bash binary bundled with macOS has been stuck on version 3.2 for a long time now. bash v4 was released in 2009 and bash v5 in January 2019. The reason Apple has not ...
COMMAND.COM, the original Microsoft command line processor introduced on MS-DOS as well as Windows 9x, in 32-bit versions of NT-based Windows via NTVDM; cmd.exe, successor of COMMAND.COM introduced on OS/2 and Windows NT systems, although COMMAND.COM is still available in virtual DOS machines on IA-32 versions of those operating systems also.
In July 2007, the license of the GNU coreutils was updated from GPL-2.0-or-later to GPL-3.0-or-later. [ 4 ] The GNU core utilities support long options as parameters to the commands, as well as the relaxed convention allowing options even after the regular arguments (unless the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable is set).
GDebi, a GTK-based tool sponsored for Ubuntu. (There is also a Qt version, available in the Ubuntu repositories as gdebi-kde.) apt-cdrom, a way to add a new CDROM to APT's list of available repositories (sources.lists). It is necessary to use apt-cdrom to add CDs to the APT system, it cannot be done by hand.