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Categorizing loan agreements by type of facility usually results in two primary categories: term loans, which are repaid in set installments over the term, or; revolving loans (or overdrafts) where up to a maximum amount can be withdrawn at any time, and interest is paid from month to month on the drawn amount.
In practice, this length of time is generally between 10-20 days. Warehouse facilities typically limit the amount of dwell time a loan can be on the warehouse line. For loans going over dwell, mortgage bankers are often forced to buy these notes off the line with their own cash in anticipation of a potential problem with the note.
A line of credit is a credit facility extended by a bank or other financial institution to a government, business or individual customer that enables the customer to draw on the facility when the customer needs funds. A financial institution makes available an amount of credit to a business or consumer during a specified period of time.
Term loans may be raised in issuance to a borrower in the form of bank-syndicated debt, or the institution market. Institutional Term Loans, or rather those that trade on secondary exchanges are commonly referred to as "Term Loan B". These facilities are typically 7 years and lack financial covenants.
In the U.S., A-term loans have become increasingly rare over the years as issuers bypassed the bank market and tapped institutional investors for all or most of their funded loans. An institutional term loan (B-term, C-term or D-term loan) is a term-loan facility with a portion carved out for nonbank, institutional investors.
Asset-based loans are also usually accompanied by lower interest rates, as in the event of a default the lender can recoup its investment by seizing and liquidating the assets tied to the loan. [2] Many financial services companies now use asset-based lending package of structured and leveraged financial services.
Borrowing base is frequently used for asset-based commercial loans offered by banks to corporations and small businesses. [5] In this case, borrowing base of a business is typically calculated of corporation's accounts receivable and of its inventory. [6]
ABL's primary focus is on collateral and liquidity with leverage and cash flow being secondary considerations. Borrowings under an asset-based facility are limited by the collateral base, which is measured by liquidation value of accounts receivable, inventory and fixed assets rather than by reference to direct, ongoing cash generation capacity.