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The term high-functioning autism was used in a manner similar to Asperger syndrome, another outdated classification. The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists was a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. [ 12 ]
Classic autism, also known as childhood autism, autistic disorder, or Kanner's syndrome, is a formerly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. It is characterized by atypical and impaired development in social interaction and communication as well as restricted, repetitive behaviors, activities, and interests.
Twin studies provide a unique opportunity to explore the genetic and environmental influences on autism spectrum disorder (ASD). By studying identical twins, who share identical DNA, and fraternal twins, who share about half of their DNA, researchers can estimate the heritability of autism by comparing the rates of when one twin is diagnosed with autism while the other is not in identical vs ...
The latter most often concern de facto people diagnosed with Asperger syndrome or "high-functioning autism". [152] Josef Schovanec points to the existence of a "myth of the high-functioning autistic person", sustaining the belief in "a link between the alleged degree of autism and behavioral disorders". [216]
The extent of the overlap between Asperger syndrome and other forms of autism, particularly what was sometimes called high-functioning autism is unclear. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] [ 33 ] The ASD classification is to some extent an artifact of how autism was discovered, [ 34 ] and it may not reflect the true nature of the spectrum; [ 35 ] methodological ...
Historically, autism was thought of as a condition mostly affecting males. Some studies found that males were up to four times more likely than females to be diagnosed as autistic [33] and among those with Asperger syndrome or "high-functioning autism", males were up to ten times more likely to be diagnosed. [34]
For those with high-functioning anxiety, the juggling act of keeping up outside appearances while struggling internally can add an extra layer of distress: You’re scrambling to keep the perfect ...
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by differences in reciprocal social interaction and communication as well as restricted, repetitive interests, behaviors, or activities. [3]: 60 [4] As of 2023, no therapy exists to eliminate autism within someone, let alone to a high degree of viability. Treatment is typically catered to ...