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Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language. It is a rational and critical inquiry that reflects on its methods and assumptions.
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. [1] [2] It is distinguished from other ways of addressing fundamental questions (such as mysticism, myth) by being critical and generally systematic and by its reliance on rational argument. [3]
Randall was hired as a philosophy lecturer by Columbia in 1920 and he stayed at the university for the remainder of his career. [1] He was promoted to assistant professor of philosophy at Columbia in 1925. He was a member of the American Philosophical Association, the Ethical Culture Society, Alpha Delta Phi and Phi Beta Kappa.
The problem of defining philosophy concerns the question of what all forms of philosophy have in common, i.e. how philosophy differs from non-philosophy or other disciplines, such as the empirical sciences or fine art. One difficulty is due to the fact that the meaning of the term "philosophy" has changed a lot in history: it was used in a much ...
Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC.Philosophy was used to make sense of the world using reason. It dealt with a wide variety of subjects, including astronomy, epistemology, mathematics, political philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, ontology, logic, biology, rhetoric and aesthetics.
Analytic philosophy is a broad, contemporary movement or tradition within Western philosophy, especially anglophone philosophy, focused on analysis as a philosophical method. [ a ] [ b ] It is characterized by a clarity of prose ; rigor in arguments; and making use of formal logic and mathematics, and, to a lesser degree, the natural sciences .
The history of philosophy is the systematic study of the development of philosophical thought. It focuses on philosophy as rational inquiry based on argumentation, but some theorists also include myth, religious traditions, and proverbial lore. Western philosophy originated with an inquiry into the fundamental nature of the cosmos in Ancient ...
Modern philosophy and especially Enlightenment philosophy [60] is distinguished by its increasing independence from traditional authorities such as the Church, academia, and Aristotelianism; [61] [62] a new focus on the foundations of knowledge and metaphysical system-building; [63] [64] and the emergence of modern physics out of natural ...