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The invasion of Iraq lasted from 20 March to 15 April 2003 and signaled the start of the Iraq War, which was dubbed Operation Iraqi Freedom by the United States. [16] The invasion consisted of 26 days of major combat operations, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invaded Iraq and ...
The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, [f] was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. Active hostilities began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for nearly eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 by both sides.
The Badr organisation, which fought alongside Iran in the Iran-Iraq war, was seen as a U.S. asset in the fight against Ba'athist partisans because of their opposition to Saddam Hussein. Shortly after the fall of Baghdad , Badr forces and other militias with close ties to Tehran reportedly joined the newly reconstituted army, police, and ...
In a declassified 1991 report, the CIA estimated that Iran had suffered more than 50,000 casualties from Iraq's use of several chemical weapons, [21] though modern estimates have reached more than 100,000, as the long-term effects continued to cause casualties; [22] [23] they also show that the United States was providing reconnaissance ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of, and topical guide to, the Iraq War.. Iraq War – a protracted armed conflict in Iraq lasting from 2003 to 2011, which began with the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition that overthrew the Iraqi government of Saddam Hussein.
The former Ottoman-Iran boundary was retained, now forming the borders between Iran and Iraq, and also Iran and the new Republic of Turkey established in 1923. [8] Iraq later gained independence in 1932. [8] Map showing the major areas of fighting during the Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988)
Iran and Iraq at War (Routledge, 2020) online review; Ehsani, Kaveh. "War and Resentment: Critical Reflections on the Legacies of the Iran-Iraq War." in Debating the Iran-Iraq War in Contemporary Iran (Routledge, 2019) pp. 3-22. online; Karsh, Efraim. "Geopolitical determinism: The origins of the Iran-Iraq war." Middle East Journal 44.2 (1990 ...
The war had a negative impact on Iraq's economy. The government had to allocate 40 percent of available funds to the army and for the Palestinian refugees. Oil royalties paid to Iraq were halved when the pipeline to Haifa was cut. Iraq signed the Baghdad Pact in 1956. It allied Iraq, Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom. Its ...