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Subvocalization, or silent speech, is the internal speech typically made when reading; it provides the sound of the word as it is read. [1] [2] This is a natural process when reading, and it helps the mind to access meanings to comprehend and remember what is read, potentially reducing cognitive load.
Cluttering is sometimes confused with stuttering. Both communication disorders break the normal flow of speech, but they are distinct. A stutterer has a coherent pattern of thoughts, but may have a difficult time vocally expressing those thoughts; in contrast, a clutterer has no problem putting thoughts into words, but those thoughts become disorganized during speaking.
It can cause a visible slowing of physical and emotional reactions, including speech and affect. [ 1 ] Psychomotor retardation is most commonly seen in people with major depression and in the depressed phase of bipolar disorder ; [ 2 ] it is also associated with the adverse effects of certain drugs, such as benzodiazepines . [ 3 ]
A person with dysprosody would not be able to accurately convey emotion vocally, such as through pitch or melody, or make any conclusion about another person's feeling through his speech. [7] Regardless of the inability to vocally express feeling through prosodic controls, emotions are still formed and felt by the individual.
[2] [3] Palilalic repetitions are often spoken with decreasing volume and speed up over time. [6] A 2007 case study by Van Borsel et al. examined the acoustic features in palilalia. [5] AB, a 60-year-old male was diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and had noticed changes in gait, posture, writing, and speech. [5]
Thought blocking is a neuropsychological symptom expressing a sudden and involuntary silence within a speech, and eventually an abrupt switch to another topic. [1] Persons undergoing thought blocking may utter incomprehensible speech; they may also repeat words involuntarily or make up new words.
Research has suggested the feeling of awe has the ability to expand one's perceptions of time availability. Awe can be characterized as an experience of immense perceptual vastness that coincides with an increase in focus. Consequently, it is conceivable that one's temporal perception would slow down when experiencing awe. [86]
Abulia has been described as a loss of drive, expression, behavior and speech output, with slowing and prolonged speech latency, and reduction of spontaneous thought content and initiative, [7] being considered more recently as 'a reduction in action emotion and cognition'. [6] The clinical features most commonly associated with abulia are: [6]