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Allele frequency, or gene frequency, is the relative frequency of an allele (variant of a gene) at a particular locus in a population, expressed as a fraction or percentage. [1] Specifically, it is the fraction of all chromosomes in the population that carry that allele over the total population or sample size.
The allele frequency spectrum can be written as the vector = (,,,,), where is the number of observed sites with derived allele frequency . In this example, the observed allele frequency spectrum is ( 4 , 2 , 1 , 0 , 1 ) {\displaystyle (4,2,1,0,1)} , due to four instances of a single observed derived allele at a particular SNP loci, two ...
The Earth Human STR Allele Frequencies Database [1] is a scientific project based on a dynamic web interface and a relational database management system. Its main purpose is the management of STR populational data reported from all over the world, providing highly specialized population genetics tools and also an overview of world population genetic structure at global scale.
The Hardy–Weinberg law describes the relationship between allele and genotype frequencies when a population is not evolving. Let's examine the Hardy–Weinberg equation using the population of four-o'clock plants that we considered above: if the allele A frequency is denoted by the symbol p and the allele a frequency denoted by q, then p+q=1.
The product of the relative frequencies, , is a measure of the genetic variance. The quantity pq is maximized when there is an equal frequency of each gene, when p = q {\displaystyle p=q} . In the GSM, the rate of change Δ Q {\displaystyle \Delta Q} is proportional to the genetic variation.
A de Finetti diagram. The curved line is the expected Hardy–Weinberg frequency as a function of p.. A de Finetti diagram is a ternary plot used in population genetics.It is named after the Italian statistician Bruno de Finetti (1906–1985) and is used to graph the genotype frequencies of populations, where there are two alleles and the population is diploid.
Mutation will have a very subtle effect on allele frequencies through the introduction of new allele into a population. Mutation rates are of the order 10 −4 to 10 −8, and the change in allele frequency will be, at most, the same order. Recurrent mutation will maintain alleles in the population, even if there is strong selection against them.
The Allele Frequency Net Database (abbreviated AlFreD) is a database containing the allele frequencies of immune genes and their corresponding alleles in different populations. [ 1 ] References