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Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI) is a component of Windows API that performs security-related operations such as authentication. SSPI functions as a common interface to several Security Support Providers (SSPs): [ 1 ] A Security Support Provider is a dynamic-link library (DLL) that makes one or more security packages available to apps.
Integrated Windows Authentication (IWA) [1] is a term associated with Microsoft products that refers to the SPNEGO, Kerberos, and NTLMSSP authentication protocols with respect to SSPI functionality introduced with Microsoft Windows 2000 and included with later Windows NT-based operating systems.
This class of status code indicates the client must take additional action to complete the request. Many of these status codes are used in URL redirection. [2]A user agent may carry out the additional action with no user interaction only if the method used in the second request is GET or HEAD.
NTLMSSP is used wherever SSPI authentication is used including Server Message Block / CIFS extended security authentication, HTTP Negotiate authentication (e.g. IIS with IWA turned on) and MSRPC services. The NTLMSSP and NTLM challenge-response protocol have been documented in Microsoft's Open Protocol Specification. [1]
If the server is a member of a domain but Kerberos cannot be used. The client is authenticating to a server using an IP address (and no reverse name resolution is available) The client is authenticating to a server that belongs to a different Active Directory forest that has a legacy NTLM trust instead of a transitive inter-forest trust
Simple and Protected GSSAPI Negotiation Mechanism (SPNEGO), often pronounced "spenay-go", is a GSSAPI "pseudo mechanism" used by client-server software to negotiate the choice of security technology. SPNEGO is used when a client application wants to authenticate to a remote server, but neither end is sure what authentication protocols the other ...
In computing, the Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is an authentication protocol originally used by Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) to validate users. CHAP is also carried in other authentication protocols such as RADIUS and Diameter .
Server Name Indication (SNI) is an extension to the Transport Layer Security (TLS) computer networking protocol by which a client indicates which hostname it is attempting to connect to at the start of the handshaking process. [1]