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The Hadamard transform H m is a 2 m × 2 m matrix, the Hadamard matrix (scaled by a normalization factor), that transforms 2 m real numbers x n into 2 m real numbers X k. The Hadamard transform can be defined in two ways: recursively, or by using the binary (base-2) representation of the indices n and k.
Common quantum logic gates by name (including abbreviation), circuit form(s) and the corresponding unitary matrices. In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits.
We achieve this by an X gate. dj_circuit. x (n_qubits) # 3. Apply Hadamard gates to all qubits (input + output). for qubit in range (n_qubits + 1): dj_circuit. h (qubit) # 4. Append the oracle circuit. dj_circuit. compose (oracle, inplace = True) # 5. Apply Hadamard gates again to the input qubits ONLY. for qubit in range (n_qubits): dj_circuit ...
The figures below are examples of implementing a Hadamard gate and a Pauli-X-gate (NOT gate) by using beam splitters (illustrated as rectangles connecting two sets of crossing lines with parameters and ) and mirrors (illustrated as rectangles connecting two sets of crossing lines with parameter ()).
The Fredkin gate (also CSWAP or CS gate), named after Edward Fredkin, is a 3-bit gate that performs a controlled swap. It is universal for classical computation. It has the useful property that the numbers of 0s and 1s are conserved throughout, which in the billiard ball model means the same number of balls are output as input.
A CNOT gate may appear to only act the control on the target, but surrounding it with Hadamard gates reveals it also acts the target on the control. A CNOT appears asymmetric, but can be transformed into a symmetric operation by Hadamard gates. Symmetric operations don't distinguish target and control, resulting in effects like phase kickback.
Let H be a Hadamard matrix of order n.The transpose of H is closely related to its inverse.In fact: = where I n is the n × n identity matrix and H T is the transpose of H.To see that this is true, notice that the rows of H are all orthogonal vectors over the field of real numbers and each have length .
The classical analog of the CNOT gate is a reversible XOR gate. How the CNOT gate can be used (with Hadamard gates) in a computation.. In computer science, the controlled NOT gate (also C-NOT or CNOT), controlled-X gate, controlled-bit-flip gate, Feynman gate or controlled Pauli-X is a quantum logic gate that is an essential component in the construction of a gate-based quantum computer.