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In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits. Quantum logic gates are the building blocks of quantum circuits, like classical logic gates are for conventional digital circuits.
The Hadamard transform is used extensively in quantum computing. The 2 × 2 Hadamard transform is the quantum logic gate known as the Hadamard gate, and the application of a Hadamard gate to each qubit of an -qubit register in parallel is equivalent to the Hadamard transform .
Quantum circuits that consist of only Clifford gates can be efficiently simulated with a classical computer due to the Gottesman–Knill theorem. The Clifford group is generated by three gates: Hadamard, phase gate S, and CNOT.
In gate-based quantum computing, various sets of quantum logic gates are commonly used to express quantum operations. The following tables list several unitary quantum logic gates, together with their common name, how they are represented, and some of their properties.
The classical analog of the CNOT gate is a reversible XOR gate. How the CNOT gate can be used (with Hadamard gates) in a computation.. In computer science, the controlled NOT gate (also C-NOT or CNOT), controlled-X gate, controlled-bit-flip gate, Feynman gate or controlled Pauli-X is a quantum logic gate that is an essential component in the construction of a gate-based quantum computer.
However, in quantum computing, operations have the ability to introduce phase changes to quantum states. This is the basis for complex interference patterns and quantum entanglement. When a controlled operation, such as a Controlled NOT (CNOT) gate , is applied to two qubits, the phase of the second (target) qubit is conditioned on the state of ...
Linear optical quantum computing or linear optics quantum computation ... Implementation of Hadamard-gate on a "location" qubit with a beam splitter and phase ...
In quantum computation, the Hadamard test is a method used to create a random variable whose expected value is the expected real part | | , where | is a quantum state and is a unitary gate acting on the space of | . [1]
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