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So-called hidden consecutives, also called direct or covered octaves or fifths, [11] [nb 3] occur when two independent parts approach a single perfect fifth or octave by similar motion instead of oblique or contrary motion. A single fifth or octave approached this way is sometimes called an exposed fifth or exposed octave.
This is a list of the fundamental frequencies in hertz (cycles per second) of the keys of a modern 88-key standard or 108-key extended piano in twelve-tone equal temperament, with the 49th key, the fifth A (called A 4), tuned to 440 Hz (referred to as A440). [1] [2] Every octave is made of twelve steps called semitones.
Bosanquet used chains of fifths to generate the mapping of the keys, with the pitches transposed into the space of an octave (or more generally, period) so that pitch determined the lateral position of keys, and the number of fifths, or any other interval used as generators, from the starting pitch its vertical position in the keyboard ...
This is also the case for several other special punctuation characters. Copy editor Ashley Bischoff recently reminded everyone the en- and em-dashes are hiding under the standard hyphen key.. And ...
However, meantone temperaments (except for 12 TET) cannot fit into a 12-note keyboard; and like quarter-comma meantone, most require an infinite number of notes (although there is a very close approximation to quarter-comma that can fit into a keyboard with 31 keys per octave). When tuned to a 12-note keyboard many notes must be left out, and ...
All-fifths tuning. All-fifths tuning refers to the set of tunings for string instruments in which each interval between consecutive open strings is a perfect fifth. All-fifths tuning is the standard tuning for mandolin and violin and it is an alternative tuning for guitars. All-fifths tuning is also called fifths, perfect fifths, or mandoguitar ...
Avoid parallel fifths and octaves. To promote voice independence, melodic lines should avoid parallel unisons, parallel fifths, and parallel octaves between any two voices. [ 19 ] They should also avoid hidden consecutives , perfect intervals reached by any two voices moving in the same direction, even if not by the same interval, particularly ...
The simplest pitch space model is the real line. A fundamental frequency f is mapped to a real number p according to the equation = + (/) This creates a linear space in which octaves have size 12, semitones (the distance between adjacent keys on the piano keyboard) have size 1, and middle C is assigned the number 60, as it is in MIDI. 440 Hz is the standard frequency of 'concert A', which ...