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Lime softening (also known as lime buttering, lime-soda treatment, or Clark's process) [1] is a type of water treatment used for water softening, which uses the addition of limewater (calcium hydroxide) to remove hardness (deposits of calcium and magnesium salts) by precipitation.
Idealized image of cation-exchange resin performing water softening. It shows sodium ions being released by the resin, and replaced with calcium ions captured from water. Water softening is the removal of calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations in hard water.
An 1836 lithograph of tortilla production in rural Mexico Bowl of hominy (nixtamalized corn kernels). Nixtamalization (/ ˌ n ɪ ʃ t ə m ə l ɪ ˈ z eɪ ʃ ən / nish-tə-mə-lih-ZAY-shən) is a process for the preparation of maize (corn), or other grain, in which the grain is soaked and cooked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater (but sometimes aqueous alkali metal carbonates), [1 ...
The Solvay process or ammonia–soda process is the major industrial process for the production of sodium carbonate (soda ash, Na 2 CO 3). The ammonia–soda process was developed into its modern form by the Belgian chemist Ernest Solvay during the 1860s. [ 1 ]
Soda lime canister used in anaesthetic machines to act as a carbon dioxide scrubber. Soda lime, a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium oxide (CaO), is used in granular form within recirculating breathing environments like general anesthesia and its breathing circuit, submarines, rebreathers, and hyperbaric chambers and underwater habitats.
Precipitative softening: [4]: 13.12–13.58 Water rich in hardness (calcium and magnesium ions) is treated with lime (calcium oxide) and/or soda-ash (sodium carbonate) to precipitate calcium carbonate out of solution utilising the common-ion effect. Electrodeionization: [9] Water is passed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
A precursor to the soda pulping process was the paper making process developed by Matthias Koops in 1801 which involved washing wood shavings in limewater, adding soda crystals and then boiling the mixture. [2] Soda pulping was one of the first chemical pulping methods and was invented in 1851 by Burgess (United States) and Watts (England).
Soda lime is commonly used in closed-circuit diving rebreathers and in anesthesia systems. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] The same catalytic effect of the alkali hydroxides (function of the Na 2 O eq content of cement ) also contributes to the carbonatation of portlandite by atmospheric CO 2 in concrete although the rate of propagation of the reaction front is ...