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The EPC contractor coordinates all design, procurement and construction work and ensures that the whole project is completed as required and in time. They may or may not undertake actual site work. EPC companies are often used in large-scale projects, such as power plants, refineries, chemical processing facilities, infrastructure projects, and ...
Lump sum turnkey (LSTK) is a combination of the business-contract concepts of lump sum and turnkey.Lump sum is a noun which means a complete payment consisting of a single sum of money while turnkey is an adjective of a product or service which means product or service will be ready to use upon delivery.
The contractor does this either through own labor or by subcontracting part of the work. The contractor carries the project risk for schedule as well as budget in return for a fixed price, called lump sum or LSTK depending on the agreed scope of work. [1] In EPCI contracts, the contractor rarely carries the project risk unconditionally.
Oil futures dropped as much as 2% on Wednesday before paring losses as traders weighed what Donald Trump's presidential victory could mean for energy prices.
The biggest factor keeping U.S. oil output tight, by far, is the bloodletting that occurred in the U.S. energy industry from 2015 through 2020, when drillers overproduced, prices cratered and more ...
In June 2021, the national average price for a gallon of gas was $3.09, according to data from AAA, but as of June 2022, it had topped $5. That marks a gain of over 60% in a single year.
The largest component of the average price of $2.80/gallon of regular grade gasoline in the United States from 2012 through 2021, representing 54.8% of the price of gas, was the price of crude oil. The second largest component during the same period was taxes—federal and state taxes representing 17% of the price of gas.
In most of the production sharing agreements, changes in international oil prices or production rate affect the company's share of production. Production sharing agreements can be beneficial to governments of countries that lack the expertise and/or capital to develop their resources and wish to attract foreign companies to do so.