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Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells. The ability of bacterial colonies to induce hemolysis when grown on blood agar is used to classify certain microorganisms. This is particularly useful in classifying streptococcal species. A substance that causes hemolysis is called a hemolysin.
DTM plate on the right showing color change after two days' growth; Microsporum canis Dermatophyte test medium (DTM) is a specialized agar used in medical mycology. [1] [2] It is based on Sabouraud's dextrose agar with added cycloheximide to inhibit saprotrophic growth, antibiotic to inhibit bacterial growth, and phenol red a pH indicator.
From left to right solutions of 0.1 M HCl, 3 buffer solutions of pH 3.78, 3 of pH 4.00, 3 of pH 4.62 and NaOH 0.1 M after adding different amounts of bromocresol green (more in darker solutions) In aqueous solution , bromocresol green will ionize to give the monoanionic form (yellow), that further deprotonates at higher pH to give the dianionic ...
Neutral red (toluylene red, Basic Red 5, or C.I. 50040) is a eurhodin dye used for staining in histology.It stains lysosomes red. [1] It is used as a general stain in histology, as a counterstain in combination with other dyes, and for many staining methods.
Agar plates may also be indicator plates, in which the organisms are not selected based on growth, but are instead distinguished by a color change in some colonies, typically caused by the action of an enzyme on some compound added to the medium. [6] The plates are incubated for 12 hours up to several days, depending on the test that is performed.
Blood is normally sterile. [1] The presence of bacteria in the blood is termed bacteremia, and the presence of fungi is called fungemia. [2] Minor damage to the skin [3] or mucous membranes, which can occur in situations like toothbrushing or defecation, [4] [5] can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, but this bacteremia is normally transient and is rarely detected in cultures because the ...
Phenolphthalein's pH sensitivity is exploited in other applications: concrete has naturally high pH due to the calcium hydroxide formed when Portland cement reacts with water. As the concrete reacts with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, pH decreases to 8.5–9. When a 1% phenolphthalein solution is applied to normal concrete, it turns bright pink.
When necessary, adjust the completed medium with either 1.0 N KOH or 1.0 HCl. Note that the pKa of ACES buffer is 6.9 at 20 °C and 6.8 at 25 °C. Its pKa is affected by temperature (0.02 pH unit/o). However, once the agar has solidified, the pH does not appear to change with temperature but remains at 6.9.