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Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with a broad variety of tumors including lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and others. PCD is a rare condition that occurs in less than 1% of cancer patients.
LEMS is often associated with lung cancer (50–70%), specifically small-cell carcinoma, [4] making LEMS a paraneoplastic syndrome. [5] Of the people with small-cell lung cancer, 1–3% have LEMS. [3] In most of these cases, LEMS is the first symptom of the lung cancer, and it is otherwise asymptomatic. [3]
Symptomatic features of paraneoplastic syndrome cultivate in four ways: endocrine, neurological, mucocutaneous, and hematological.The most common presentation is a fever (release of endogenous pyrogens often related to lymphokines or tissue pyrogens), but the overall picture will often include several clinical cases observed which may specifically simulate more common benign conditions.
Paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy occurs in the setting of cancer and is thought to involve anti-cancer antibodies cross reacting with antigens that are expressed by neurons and cancer cells. The most common auto-antibodies are those of the T-cell mediated anti-Hu antibodies being taken up by nerve cells and attaching to ELAV-like protein 1 ...
Leptomeningeal cancer is a rare complication of cancer in which the disease spreads from the original tumor site to the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. [1] This leads to an inflammatory response, hence the alternative names neoplastic meningitis (NM), malignant meningitis , or carcinomatous meningitis .
Cerebellar degeneration is a condition in which cerebellar cells, otherwise known as neurons, become damaged and progressively weaken in the cerebellum. [1] There are two types of cerebellar degeneration; paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and alcoholic or nutritional cerebellar degeneration. [2]
Primarily adults contract this illness, and typically they have an underlying cancer that is either undiagnosed, diagnosed, in remission, or cured. [3] The condition can occur at any point during cancer. Small cell lung cancer is a particularly aggressive cancer more common in smokers and is associated with anti-Hu encephalitis.
Mast cell tumor on lip of a dog. Veterinary oncology is a subspecialty of veterinary medicine that deals with cancer diagnosis and treatment in animals. Cancer is a major cause of death in pet animals. In one study, 45% of the dogs that reached 10 years of age or older died of cancer. [1]