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Starting out as a seasonal settlement, Timbuktu was in the kingdom of Mali when it became a permanent settlement early in the 12th century. After a shift in trading routes, the town flourished from the trade in salt, gold, ivory and slaves from several towns and states such as Begho of Bonoman, Sijilmassa, and other Saharan cities. [1]
Audience at the festival near Timbuktu, Mali, 2012. The Festival au désert (Festival in the Desert) was an annual concert in Mali, showcasing traditional Tuareg music as well as music from around the world between 2001 and 2012. It was founded and directed by Manny Ansar, and attracted thousands of visitors, bringing a huge boost to the economy.
The city is situated nine miles from the Niger River, making for good agricultural land. Its position near the edge of the Sahara Desert made it a hub for trans-Saharan trade routes. Timbuktu also acts as a midpoint between the regions of North, West, and Central Africa. Because of this, Timbuktu developed into a cultural melting pot.
Timbuktu, often referred to as the "City of 333 Saints," [1] is a historic city located in northern Mali. It was once a major center of Islamic scholarship and trade during the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire. [2] Timbuktu is renowned for its historic mosques, ancient manuscripts, and vibrant cultural heritage.
Haidara traveled to New York in 2009, where manuscripts from his library were exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. [9] In 2010, the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., included manuscripts from the Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library in a web exhibit, "Ancient Manuscripts from the Desert Libraries of Timbuktu." [10]
A two-week blockade by Islamist militants has created food and aid shortages in the ancient city of Timbuktu, the mayor and residents said, as security deteriorates across much of northern and ...
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