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In physical chemistry, Henry's law is a gas law that states that the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid is directly proportional at equilibrium to its partial pressure above the liquid. The proportionality factor is called Henry's law constant. It was formulated by the English chemist William Henry, who studied the topic in the early 19th ...
The laws describing the behaviour of gases under fixed pressure, volume, amount of gas, and absolute temperature conditions are called gas laws.The basic gas laws were discovered by the end of the 18th century when scientists found out that relationships between pressure, volume and temperature of a sample of gas could be obtained which would hold to approximation for all gases.
Date/Time Thumbnail Dimensions User Comment; current: 09:01, 4 January 2010: 952 × 1,431, 18 pages (4.8 MB): Ayacop {{Information |Description={{en|1=original paper resulting in Henry's law, one of the gas laws}} |Source=William Henry: ''Experiments on the Quantity of Gases Absorbed by Water, at Different Temperatures, and under Different Pressures'' Phil. Trans. R.
William Henry was apprenticed to Thomas Percival and later worked with John Ferriar & John Huit at the Manchesters Infirmary. [citation needed] He began to study medicine at University of Edinburgh in 1795, taking his medical in 1807, but ill-health [a] interrupted his practice as a physician, and he devoted his time mainly to chemical research, especially with regard to gases.
Gas solubility coefficients are used to calculate Henry's law constant: x g = p g / H {\displaystyle x_{g}=p_{g}/H} After manipulating equations and substituting volumes of each phase, the molar concentration of water (55.5 mol/L) and the molecular weight of the gas analyte (MW), a final equation is solved:
By contrast, each solute molecule is surrounded by solvent molecules, so it obeys a different law known as Henry's law. [9]: 171 By Henry's law, the fugacity of the solute is proportional to its concentration. The constant of proportionality (a measured Henry's constant) depends on whether the concentration is represented by the mole fraction ...
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Dalton's law (also called Dalton's law of partial pressures) states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. [1] This empirical law was observed by John Dalton in 1801 and published in 1802. [2] Dalton's law is related to the ideal gas laws.