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The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (abbreviated as H–R diagram, HR diagram or HRD) is a scatter plot of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes or luminosities and their stellar classifications or effective temperatures.
English: A Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, showing the luminosities and surface temperatures at which many classes of pulsating stars are found. Additional lines indicate where stars are found when they first fuse hydrogen into helium (zero-age main sequence, ZAMS), evolutionary tracks for stars of masses between 1 and 10 times that of the Sun, and the track along which a typical white dwarf of ...
In stellar evolution, an isochrone is a curve on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, representing a population of stars of the same age but with different mass. [1] The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram plots a star's luminosity against its temperature, or equivalently, its color. Stars change their positions on the HR diagram throughout their life.
The path which the star follows across the HR diagram is called an evolutionary track. [57] H–R diagram for two open clusters: NGC 188 (blue) is older and shows a lower turn off from the main sequence than M67 (yellow). The dots outside the two sequences are mostly foreground and background stars with no relation to the clusters.
The stellar birthline is a predicted line on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram that relates the effective temperature and luminosity of pre-main-sequence stars at the start of their contraction. [1] Prior to this point, the objects are accreting protostars , and are so deeply embedded in the cloud of dust and gas from which they are forming ...
Since color index is the horizontal coordinate in a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, the different types of star appear in different parts of the CMD despite their common energy source. In effect, the red clump represents one extreme of horizontal-branch morphology: all the stars are at the red end of the horizontal branch, and may be difficult ...
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The turnoff point for a star refers to the point on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram where it leaves the main sequence after its main fuel is exhausted – the main sequence turnoff. By plotting the turnoff points of individual stars in a star cluster one can estimate the cluster's age .