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During the French Revolution, some wanted to raze the citadel, claiming that it could serve as a base of support for counter revolutionaries. Before being transferred to the Tour du Guet, the citadel is where Claude Chappe performed the first tests of his semaphore telegraph .
In the following centuries, successive French governments used the Citadel as a prison or a garrison. The prisoners included the accomplices of "La Voisin", accused of poisonings during the reign of Louis XIV, deserters from the armies of Louis XIV and those of Louis XV, and Royalists during the French Revolution.
Within the citadel on the side of La Place de Manœuvre a small Baroque-style chapel was built. Outside, Le Mur des Fusillés (the wall of the people executed by a firing squad) pays tribute to the 218 members of the French Resistance shot in the citadel's ditch during World War II. [4]
The attack on the Bastille in the French Revolution – though afterwards remembered mainly for the release of the handful of prisoners incarcerated there – was to considerable degree motivated by the structure's being a Royal citadel in the midst of revolutionary Paris.
The King had hoped to establish a counter-revolutionary military base of operations in the citadel from which he could reclaim the country. The citadel has also been used as a fortress during both World Wars. Buildings, including a church dating back to the 17th century, can be found inside the citadel itself; it still is used as a place to live.
The Lion of Belfort, symbolic of the defense of Belfort in 1870–71, with the citadel behind. The fortified region of Belfort (place fortifiée de Belfort) formed the first line of defense in the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications in the Belfort Gap.
French Engineer Corps during the Siege of Antwerp The citadel of Antwerp after its capture by the French Army. The siege of Antwerp took place after fighting in the Belgian Revolution ended. On 15 November 1832, the French Armée du Nord under Marshal Gérard began to lay siege to the Dutch troops there under David Chassé. The siege ended on ...
French Revolution: 1789–1799: Kingdom of France: ... Citadel of Montpellier built. [1] ... And Other Episodes in French Cultural History. Basic Books.