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  2. Identity of indiscernibles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_of_indiscernibles

    A form of the principle is attributed to the German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. While some think that Leibniz's version of the principle is meant to be only the indiscernibility of identicals, others have interpreted it as the conjunction of the identity of indiscernibles and the indiscernibility of identicals (the converse principle).

  3. Alphabet of human thought - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet_of_human_thought

    The alphabet of human thought (Latin: alphabetum cogitationum humanarum) is a concept originally proposed by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz that provides a universal way to represent and analyze ideas and relationships by breaking down their component pieces. [1]

  4. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz

    Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz or Leibnitz [a] (1 July 1646 [O.S. 21 June] – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath active as a mathematician, philosopher, scientist and diplomat who is credited, alongside Sir Isaac Newton, with the creation of calculus in addition to many other branches of mathematics, such as binary arithmetic, and statistics.

  5. Ontology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology

    Ontology is the philosophical study of being. ... It can also mean an inventory or a conceptual scheme of a particular domain, ... Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz ...

  6. Why is there anything at all? - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_is_there_anything_at_all?

    This question has been written about by philosophers since at least the ancient Parmenides (c. 515 BC). [1] [2]"Why is there anything at all?" or "Why is there something rather than nothing?" is a question about the reason for basic existence which has been raised or commented on by a range of philosophers and physicists, including Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, [3] Ludwig Wittgenstein, [4] and ...

  7. Characteristica universalis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristica_universalis

    Because Leibniz never described the characteristica universalis in operational detail, many philosophers have deemed it an absurd fantasy. In this vein, Parkinson wrote: Leibniz's views about the systematic character of all knowledge are linked with his plans for a universal symbolism, a Characteristica Universalis. This was to be a calculus ...

  8. Ontological argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontological_argument

    German philosopher Gottfried Leibniz attempted to prove the coherence of a "supremely perfect being". Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz saw a problem with Descartes' ontological argument: that Descartes had not asserted the coherence of a "supremely perfect" being. He proposed that, unless the coherence of a supremely perfect being could be ...

  9. Identity (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_(philosophy)

    The modern formulation of identity is that of Gottfried Leibniz, who held that x is the same as y if and only if every predicate true of x is true of y as well. Leibniz's ideas have taken root in the philosophy of mathematics, where they have influenced the development of the predicate calculus as Leibniz's law.