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Giant cell arteritis (GCA), also called temporal arteritis, is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of large blood vessels. [ 4 ] [ 7 ] Symptoms may include headache , pain over the temples, flu-like symptoms , double vision , and difficulty opening the mouth. [ 3 ]
Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (arteritic AION, A-AION or AAION) is vision loss that occurs in giant cell arteritis (also known as temporal arteritis). Temporal arteritis is an inflammatory disease of medium-sized blood vessels that happens especially with advancing age. AAION occurs in about 15-20 percent of patients with ...
AAION is due to temporal arteritis (also called giant-cell arteritis), an inflammatory disease of medium-sized blood vessels (Chapel-Hill-Conference) that occurs especially with advancing age. In contrast, NAION results from the coincidence of cardiovascular risk factors in a patient with "crowded" optic discs.
Temporal arteritis, the second type of giant cell arteritis, is also a chronic, inflammatory disease involving mid- to large-sized arteries. [8] Temporal arteritis has a higher incidence in people of Scandinavian descent. [8] However, the incidence rate differs based on population, region and races. [8]
About 15% of people who are diagnosed with polymyalgia rheumatica also have temporal arteritis, and about 50% of people with temporal arteritis have polymyalgia rheumatica. Some symptoms of temporal arteritis include headaches , scalp tenderness, jaw or facial soreness, distorted vision , or aching in the limbs caused by decreased blood flow ...
Commonly, amaurosis fugax caused by giant cell arteritis may be associated with jaw claudication and headache. However, it is also not uncommon for these patients to have no other symptoms. [18] One comprehensive review found a two to nineteen percent incidence of amaurosis fugax among these patients. [19] Systemic lupus erythematosus [20] [21]
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Giant cell arteritis, [6] also known as temporal arteritis or cranial arteritis, is the most common MGC-linked disease. This type of arteritis causes the arteries in the head, neck, and arm area to swell to abnormal sizes. Although the cause of this disease is not currently known, it appears to be related to polymyalgia rheumatica. [7]