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Nausea, vomiting, and severe abdominal pain are characteristics of a strangulated hernia. This is a medical emergency, as the loss of blood supply to the bowel can result in necrosis (tissue death) followed by gangrene (tissue decay). This is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate surgery. [3]
Irreducible abdominal hernias or incarcerated hernias may be painful, but their most relevant symptom is that they cannot return to the abdominal cavity when pushed in. They may be chronic, although painless, and can lead to strangulation (loss of blood supply), obstruction (kinking of intestine), or both.
Laparoscopic surgery generally has less pain following the procedure. [1] [9] In 2015 inguinal, femoral and abdominal hernias affected about 18.5 million people. [10] About 27% of males and 3% of females develop a groin hernia at some time in their life. [1] Groin hernias occur most often before the age of one and after the age of fifty. [2]
In anatomy, the abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity.The abdominal wall is split into the anterolateral and posterior walls. [1]There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the visceral peritoneum, which covers many of the abdominal organs (most of the large and small intestines, for example), and the parietal peritoneum ...
The transversalis fascia (or transverse fascia) is the fascial lining of the anterolateral abdominal wall [1] [2] situated between the inner surface of the transverse abdominal muscle, and the preperitoneal fascia. [3] [2] It is directly continuous with the iliac fascia, [2] the internal spermatic fascia, [citation needed] and pelvic fascia. [2]
The term abdominal surgery broadly covers surgical procedures that involve opening the abdomen . Surgery of each abdominal organ is dealt with separately in connection with the description of that organ (see stomach , kidney , liver , etc.) Diseases affecting the abdominal cavity are dealt with generally under their own names.
A Pfannenstiel incision for a caesarian section closed with surgical staples.The superior aspect of mons pubis and pubic hair are seen at bottom of the image.. A Pfannenstiel incision / ˈ f ɑː n ɪ n ʃ t iː l /, Kerr incision, Pfannenstiel-Kerr incision [1] or pubic incision is a type of abdominal surgical incision that allows access to the abdomen.
Any abdominal surgery may result in an incisional hernia where the abdomen was accessed. Hernias develop when the fascia of the abdominal cavity separates after the surgical closure. This may be due to suture failure, poor wound healing. Other risk factors include obesity and smoking. [22]