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Any antiretroviral drug: Black tar heroin: Whoonga, Nyaope [8] Widespread use in South Africa. Whoonga is classically reputed to be a combination of heroin with antiretroviral drugs such as ritonavir and/or efavirenz, often combined with additional drugs such as cannabis or hashish, methamphetamine and/or methaqualone: Any deliriant or diphen ...
Another type is when other drugs are used to counteract the negative side effects of a different drug (e.g. depressants are used to counteract anxiety and restlessness from taking stimulants). On the other hand, the use of several substances in an intensive and chaotic way, simultaneously or consecutively, in many cases each drug substituting ...
A popular example of drug–food interaction is the effect of grapefruit on the metabolism of drugs. Interactions may occur by simultaneous targeting of receptors, directly or indirectly. For example, both Zolpidem and alcohol affect GABA A receptors, and their simultaneous consumption results in the overstimulation of the receptor, which can ...
Recent research reveals that caffeine has health benefits for most moderate coffee drinkers. Here are the pros and cons of drinking certain coffees, with expert insights and advice.
A puff of this, and the world transforms into a colorful kaleidoscope of dancing patterns and waves of sound; a sip of that, and the muscles in your body relax like jello. We know different drugs ...
Caffeine and theophylline (found in coffee and tea, respectively) are examples of well-known xanthines, which act as nonselective A 2A antagonists. Both substances act as stimulants, and these properties can be associated with their blockade of the adenosine A 2A receptor - for which they have an affinity in the micromolar range.
An example demonstrating how drug combination with additive effect can cause adverse effects is the co-administration of ACEI and potassium-sparing diuretics. [3] Despite having different mechanisms of action, the drugs are able to reduce potassium excretion from the body.
The ECA stack is a drug combination used in weight loss and as a stimulant.ECA is an initialism for ephedrine, caffeine, and aspirin, with variants of it including the EC stack, which removes the aspirin for those who can not tolerate it.