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Universities use 0–100 point grade scaling similar to the United States grading. 71 is required to pass, or roughly the equivalent of a C. Schools use the 1–5 point system, meaning if a student has a 4.5 that is the equivalent of an A− or somewhere around the 95-point range.
In the Czech Republic, primary and secondary schools use a 5-point grade system, with 1 as the best and 5 as the worst. They correspond to the following ratings: 1 = výborně (excellent), 2 = chvalitebně (commendable), 3 = dobře (good), 4 = dostatečně (sufficient), and 5 = nedostatečně (insufficient).
Even though the grades technically range from "1" to "5", "1" is not very common and is rarely given for academic reasons—in many cases a "1" is given as a result of failure to show up for an exam or to answer any questions. A "2" grade usually means that the student showed little or no knowledge in a subject.
The top grade, A, is given here for performance that exceeds the mean by more than 1.5 standard deviations, a B for performance between 0.5 and 1.5 standard deviations above the mean, and so on. [17] Regardless of the absolute performance of the students, the best score in the group receives a top grade and the worst score receives a failing grade.
In recent years, the French government began to explore possible conversion of the 0–20 grading scale to 0–4 or 0–5. [14] [15] Since 2008, the College Gabriel-Séailles, a middle school in southern France, has abolished grading altogether. [16] Primary schools generally use a 10-point grading scale or a letter grade. [citation needed]
Grading in education is the application of standardized measurements to evaluate different levels of student achievement in a course. Grades can be expressed as letters (usually A to F), as a range (for example, 1 to 6), percentages, or as numbers out of a possible total (often out of 100). The exact system that is used varies worldwide.
In elementary schools and secondary schools, a five-point grading scale is used: 5 (excellent) 4 (very good) 3 (good) 2 (sufficient) is the lowest passing grade. 1 (insufficient) is the lowest possible grade, and the failing one. In addition, descriptive grades are used to grade a student's conduct and religious or civic education.
The "school grade" system has, historically, been a scale of 0 to 10, but all grades lower than 4 have been consolidated into a grade of 4. Thus, it is now divided between a failing grade (4), and 5–10, the passing grades. This is similar to the Romanian grading scale. 10 – Excellent, represents about the top 5%; 9 – Very good; 8 – Good