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  2. Logarithmic spiral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic_spiral

    Complex exponential function: The exponential function exactly maps all lines not parallel with the real or imaginary axis in the complex plane, to all logarithmic spirals in the complex plane with centre at : () = (+) + ⏟ = + = (⁡ + ⁡) ⏟ The pitch angle of the logarithmic spiral is the angle between the line and the imaginary axis.

  3. Exponential distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_distribution

    In probability theory and statistics, the exponential distribution or negative exponential distribution is the probability distribution of the distance between events in a Poisson point process, i.e., a process in which events occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate; the distance parameter could be any meaningful mono-dimensional measure of the process, such as time ...

  4. Semi-log plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-log_plot

    On a log–linear plot (logarithmic scale on the y-axis), pick some fixed point (x 0, F 0), where F 0 is shorthand for F(x 0), somewhere on the straight line in the above graph, and further some other arbitrary point (x 1, F 1) on the same graph. The slope formula of the plot is:

  5. Exponential function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_function

    Exponential functions occur very often in solutions of differential equations. The exponential functions can be defined as solutions of differential equations. Indeed, the exponential function is a solution of the simplest possible differential equation, namely ⁠ ′ = ⁠.

  6. Log–log plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log–log_plot

    Figure 1 illustrates how this looks. It presents two plots generated using 10,000 simulated points. The left plot, titled 'Concave Line with Log-Normal Noise', displays a scatter plot of the observed data (y) against the independent variable (x). The red line represents the 'Median line', while the blue line is the 'Mean line'.

  7. Weibull distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weibull_distribution

    Its complementary cumulative distribution function is a stretched exponential function. The Weibull distribution is related to a number of other probability distributions; in particular, it interpolates between the exponential distribution (k = 1) and the Rayleigh distribution (k = 2 and =). [5]

  8. Logistic map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic_map

    Graphs of maps, especially those of one variable such as the logistic map, are key to understanding the behavior of the map. One of the uses of graphs is to illustrate fixed points, called points. Draw a line y = x (a 45° line) on the graph of the map. If there is a point where this 45° line intersects with the graph, that point is a fixed point.

  9. Stretched exponential function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretched_exponential_function

    The compressed exponential function (with β > 1) has less practical importance, with the notable exceptions of β = 2, which gives the normal distribution, and of compressed exponential relaxation in the dynamics of amorphous solids. [1] In mathematics, the stretched exponential is also known as the complementary cumulative Weibull distribution.