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RBD is a sleep disorder characterized by the loss of normal skeletal muscle atonia during REM sleep and is associated with prominent motor activity and vivid dreaming. [6] [2] These dreams often involve screaming, shouting, laughing, crying, arm flailing, kicking, punching, choking, and jumping out of bed.
This is a list of major and frequently observed neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), symptoms (e.g., back pain), signs (e.g., aphasia) and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome). There is disagreement over the definitions and criteria used to delineate various disorders and whether some of these conditions should be classified as ...
There is no paralysis during EHS. Nightmare disorder (ND); also REM-based parasomnia. Sleep terrors (STs) are potentially frightening parasomnia, but are not REM based and there is a lack of awareness to surroundings, characteristic screams during STs. Noctural panic attacks (NPAs) involve fear and acute distress but lack paralysis and dream ...
The REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ) is a specific questionnaire for rapid eye movement behavior disorder (RBD) developed by Stiasny-Kolster and team, [1] to assess the most prominent clinical features of RBD. [2] It is a 10-item, patient self-rating instrument with short questions to be answered by either 'yes' or ...
Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that impairs the ability to regulate sleep–wake cycles, and specifically impacts REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. [1] The pentad symptoms of narcolepsy include excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), sleep-related hallucinations, sleep paralysis, disturbed nocturnal sleep (DNS), and cataplexy. [1]
Sleep paralysis may be accompanied by visual, auditory or tactile hallucinations. It is not a disorder unless severe, and is often seen as part of narcolepsy. Sleepwalking or somnambulism, engaging in activities normally associated with wakefulness (such as eating or dressing), which may include walking, without the conscious knowledge of the ...
According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis proposed by Robert McCarley and Allan Hobson in 1975–1977, control over REM sleep involves pathways of "REM-on" and "REM-off" neurons in the brain stem. REM-on neurons are primarily cholinergic (i.e., involve acetylcholine); REM-off neurons activate serotonin and noradrenaline, which among ...
Disorders of arousal (from non-REM sleep) - Confusional arousals 327.41 G47.51 - Sleepwalking 307.46 F51.3 - Sleep terrors 307.46 F51.4 Parasomnias usually associated with REM sleep - REM sleep behavior disorder (including parasomnia overlap disorder and status dissociatus) 327.42 G47.52 - Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis 327.43 G47.53