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The Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem states that a sampling rate of more than twice the maximum frequency of the signal to be recorded is needed, resulting in a required rate of greater than 40 kHz. The exact sampling rate of 44.1 kHz was inherited from PCM adaptors which was the most affordable way to transfer data from the recording studio ...
The sampling rate is adapted from that attained when recording digital audio on videotape with a PCM adaptor, an earlier way of storing digital audio. [81] [82]: sec. 2.6 An audio CD can represent frequencies up to 22.05 kHz, the Nyquist frequency of the 44.1 kHz sample rate. [83]
An analog signal (in red) encoded to 4-bit PCM digital samples (in blue); the bit depth is four, so each sample's amplitude is one of 16 possible values (16 = 2 4). In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample
Sampling rate used by the Mitsubishi X-80 digital audio recorder. 64,000 Hz Uncommonly used, but supported by some hardware [18] [19] and software. [20] [21] 88,200 Hz Sampling rate used by some professional recording equipment when the destination is CD (multiples of 44,100 Hz).
High-resolution audio (high-definition audio or HD audio) is a term for audio files with greater than 44.1 kHz sample rate or higher than 16-bit audio bit depth. It commonly refers to 96 or 192 kHz sample rates. However, 44.1 kHz/24-bit, 48 kHz/24-bit and 88.2 kHz/24-bit recordings also exist that are labeled HD audio.
Other sampling rates include: 44.1 kHz (also known as CD Quality): Originated in the late 1970s with PCM adaptors, and is still a common sampling rate to this day, mostly due to CD's adoption of this sampling rate, defined in the Red Book standard in 1980. [6] A comparison of several sampling rates, depicting their dynamic ranges.
Using this technique, the audio data is stored as a sequence of fixed amplitude (i.e. 1-bit) values at a sample rate of 2.884 MHz, which is 64 times the 44.1 kHz sample rate used by CD. At any point in time, the amplitude of the original analog signal is represented by the density of 1's or 0's in the data stream.
Sample-rate conversion prevents changes in speed and pitch that would otherwise occur when transferring recorded material between such systems. More specific types of resampling include: upsampling or upscaling; downsampling, downscaling, or decimation; and interpolation. The term multi-rate digital signal processing is sometimes used to refer ...