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The larvae – caterpillars – have a toughened (sclerotised) head capsule, chewing mouthparts, and a soft body, that may have hair-like or other projections, three pairs of true legs, and up to five pairs of prolegs. Most caterpillars are herbivores, but a few are carnivores (some eat ants, aphids, or other caterpillars) or detritivores. [2]
Loss of habitat is the primary cause of endangerment. Any native grassland that remains in the butterfly's habitat is currently disappearing due to varied causes, including development, off-road vehicles, and invasive plants. Yellow pansy populations will suffer under either very intense grazing that removes most vegetation (including the pansy ...
Overwintering, roosting butterflies have been seen on basswoods, elms, sumacs, locusts, oaks, osage-oranges, mulberries, pecans, willows, cottonwoods, and mesquites. [74] While breeding, monarch habitats can be found in agricultural fields, pasture land, prairie remnants, urban and suburban residential areas, gardens, trees, and roadsides ...
Some butterflies, especially in the tropics, have several generations in a year, while others have a single generation, and a few in cold locations may take several years to pass through their entire life cycle. [3] Butterflies are often polymorphic, and many species make use of camouflage, mimicry, and aposematism to evade their predators. [4]
The morphology of scales has been studied by Downey & Allyn (1975) and scales have been classified into three groups, namely: [1] Hair-like or piliform. Blade-like or lamellar. Other variable forms. Primitive moths (non-Glossata and Eriocranidae) have 'solid' scales which are imperforate, i.e., they lack a lumen. [1] As per Scoble (2005): [1]
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is pushing for added protections for the monarch butterfly after seeing a population decline of about 80%. The service announced a proposal to list the butterfly ...
These butterflies have a lifespan of 11 to 12 months, one of the longest lifespans for any butterfly. [3] It is the state insect of the U.S. state of Montana , adopted in 2001. [ 4 ]
Skin rashes are the most common, but there have been fatalities. [32] Lonomia is a frequent cause of envenomation in Brazil, with 354 cases reported between 1989 and 2005. Lethality ranging up to 20% with death caused most often by intracranial hemorrhage. [33] Caterpillar hair has also been known to cause kerato-conjunctivitis.