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Sleep onset can be negatively influenced from lesions in the preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus leading to insomnia while lesions in the posterior hypothalamus lead to sleepiness. [95] [96] This was further narrowed down to show that the central midbrain tegmentum is the region that plays a role in cortical activation. Thus, sleep onset ...
Sleep onset is the transition from wakefulness into sleep. Sleep onset usually transits into non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM sleep) but under certain circumstances (e.g. narcolepsy ) it is possible to transit from wakefulness directly into rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep).
Polysomnography (PSG) is a multi-parameter type of sleep study [1] and a diagnostic tool in sleep medicine.The test result is called a polysomnogram, also abbreviated PSG.The name is derived from Greek and Latin roots: the Greek πολύς (polus for "many, much", indicating many channels), the Latin somnus ("sleep"), and the Greek γράφειν (graphein, "to write").
While sleep differs from wakefulness in terms of the ability to react to stimuli, it still involves active brain patterns, making it more reactive than a coma or disorders of consciousness. [1] Sleep occurs in repeating periods, during which the body alternates between two distinct modes: REM and non-REM sleep.
Sleep studies have been imperative for the empirical research of sleep psychology. The area of sleep psychology evaluates the physiological, and behavioral factors of normal sleep and sleep disorders along with the neuroscience and brain-wave activity associated with sleep, as well as the study of circadian rhythms. [12]
A sleep diary is a daily log made by the patient that contains information about the quality and quantity of sleep. The information includes sleep onset time, sleep latency, number of awakenings in a night, time in bed, daytime napping, sleep quality assessment, use of hypnotic agents, use of alcohol and cigarettes, and unusual events which may ...
Young-onset dementia happens before the age of 65, with late-onset dementia occurring after, says Dale Bredesen, M.D., neuroscience researcher and singleton chair in neurology at the Pacific ...
The four sleep stages have been identified as follows: sleep onset stage I, late-night stage II, and deep sleep stages III and IV. Deep sleep stages III and IV all occur during the first half of the night, while lighter stages I and II occur during the later half.