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  2. C mathematical functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_mathematical_functions

    For those that are, the functions accept only type double for the floating-point arguments, leading to expensive type conversions in code that otherwise used single-precision float values. In C99, this shortcoming was fixed by introducing new sets of functions that work on float and long double arguments.

  3. Barrett reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrett_reduction

    The Barrett multiplication previously described requires a constant operand b to pre-compute [] ahead of time. Otherwise, the operation is not efficient. Otherwise, the operation is not efficient. It is common to use Montgomery multiplication when both operands are non-constant as it has better performance.

  4. Strength reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strength_reduction

    replacing integer multiplication by a constant with a combination of shifts, adds or subtracts; replacing integer division by a constant with a multiplication, taking advantage of the limited range of machine integers. [3] This method also works if divisor is a non-integer sufficiently greater than 1, e.g. √2 or π. [4]

  5. Operators in C and C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operators_in_C_and_C++

    For the purposes of these tables, a, b, and c represent valid values (literals, values from variables, or return value), object names, or lvalues, as appropriate. R, S and T stand for any type(s), and K for a class type or enumerated type. Some of the operators have alternative spellings using digraphs and trigraphs or operator synonyms.

  6. C data types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_data_types

    The maximum size of size_t is provided via SIZE_MAX, a macro constant which is defined in the <stdint.h> header (cstdint header in C++). size_t is guaranteed to be at least 16 bits wide. Additionally, POSIX includes ssize_t , which is a signed integer type of the same width as size_t .

  7. C syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_syntax

    Integer constants may be specified in source code in several ways. Numeric values can be specified as decimal (example: 1022), octal with zero (0) as a prefix (01776), or hexadecimal with 0x (zero x) as a prefix (0x3FE). A character in single quotes (example: 'R'), called a "character constant," represents the value of that character in the ...

  8. Arbitrary-precision arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrary-precision_arithmetic

    But if exact values for large factorials are desired, then special software is required, as in the pseudocode that follows, which implements the classic algorithm to calculate 1, 1×2, 1×2×3, 1×2×3×4, etc. the successive factorial numbers. constants: Limit = 1000 % Sufficient digits.

  9. Multiplier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplier

    Constant multiplier, a constant factor with units of measurement Lagrange multiplier , a scalar variable used in mathematics to solve an optimisation problem for a given constraint Multiplier (Fourier analysis) , an operator that multiplies the Fourier coefficients of a function by a specified function (known as the symbol)