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Considerations involved in selecting a roof pitch include availability and cost of materials, aesthetics, ease or difficulty of construction, climatic factors such as wind and potential snow load, [2] and local building codes. The primary purpose of pitching a roof is to redirect wind and precipitation, whether in the form of rain or snow.
The factors applied to resistance also account for the degree of scientific confidence in the derivation of the values. In determining the specific magnitude of the factors, more deterministic loads (e.g., dead load - the weight of the structure and permanent attachments like walls, floor treatments, ceiling finishes) are given lower factors ...
Ice dams may result in leaks through the roofing material, possibly resulting in damaged ceilings, walls, roof structure and insulation, or injury when the ice dam falls off or from attempts to remove ice dams. [1] The melting of roof snow comes from the combination of three basic causes: [2] Air temperatures well below freezing.
Section view through a house roof drawing showing names for parts of the structure. [clarification needed] (UK and Australia). Ctrs. means centers, a typical line to which carpenters layout framing. Domestic roof construction is the framing and roof covering which is found on most detached houses in cold and temperate climates. [1]
Collapsed barn at Hörsne, Gotland, Sweden Building collapse due to snow weight. Structural integrity and failure is an aspect of engineering that deals with the ability of a structure to support a designed structural load (weight, force, etc.) without breaking and includes the study of past structural failures in order to prevent failures in future designs.
Live loads, sometimes also referred to as probabilistic loads, include all the forces that are variable within the object's normal operation cycle not including construction or environmental loads. Roof and floor live loads are produced during maintenance by workers, equipment and materials, and during the life of the structure by movable ...
The albedo of several types of roofs (lower values means higher temperatures). Reflective surfaces, or ground-based albedo modification (GBAM), is a solar radiation management method of enhancing Earth's albedo (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths of the Sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface).
The study of snow and glacial movement, though now largely dependent on remote sensing devices, still requires in field techniques to accurately determine the validity of the data. These tools and techniques range from simple, such as a depth spike, to complex, such as the core sampling machines used to check for variations in ice composition.
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