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The Kingdom of Macedonia (in dark orange) in c. 336 BC, at the end of the reign of Philip II of Macedon; other territories include Macedonian dependent states (light orange), the Molossians of Epirus (light red), Thessaly (desert sand color), the allied League of Corinth (yellow), neutral states of Sparta and Crete, and the western territories of the Achaemenid Empire in Anatolia (violet purple).
The Vinča culture was an early culture of Southeastern Europe (between the 6th and the 3rd millennium BC), stretching around the course of the Danube in Serbia, Croatia, northern parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro, Romania, Bulgaria, and the Republic of North Macedonia, although traces of it can be found all around the Southeastern Europe, parts of Central Europe and in Asia Minor.
The history of Macedonia encompasses various periods of history in a region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe, with borders that have varied considerably over time. For history of the whole Macedonian region, see History of Macedonia (region). For history of the ancient kingdom, see History of Macedonia (ancient kingdom).
Macedonia (/ ˌ m æ s ɪ ˈ d oʊ n i ə / ⓘ MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə) is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.Its boundaries have changed considerably over time; however, it came to be defined as the modern geographical region by the mid-19th century.
For a brief period, his Macedonian Empire was the most powerful in the world – the definitive Hellenistic state, inaugurating the transition to a new period of Ancient Greek civilization. Greek arts and literature flourished in the new conquered lands and advances in philosophy, engineering, and science spread across the empire and beyond.
Macedonia remained an important and powerful kingdom until the Battle of Pydna (22 June 168 BC), in which the Roman general Aemilius Paulus defeated King Perseus of Macedon, ending the reign of the Antigonid dynasty over Macedonia. For a brief period a Macedonian republic called the "Koinon of the Macedonians" was established.
North Macedonia (/ ˌ m æ s ɪ ˈ d oʊ n i ə / MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə), [c] officially the Republic of North Macedonia, [d] is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo [e] to the northwest and Serbia to the north. [8]
The Republic of Macedonia holds an independence referendum. 96% of those who voted, i.e., 72% of those who were registered to vote, voted "For." [1] 17 September The Assembly of the Republic adopts a declaration confirming the referendum results for the establishment of the Republic of Macedonia as a sovereign and independent state.