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During open surgery the surgeon exposes the peritoneal cavity to the ambient air. Exposure to ambient air results in evaporation and cooling. Current studies have shown that the use of surgical humidification during open abdominal surgery (laparotomy) have warmer core body temperatures and reduced risk of operative hypothermia.
Gases are often insufflated into a body cavity to inflate the cavity for more workroom, e.g. during laparoscopic surgery. The most common gas used in this manner is carbon dioxide, because it is non-flammable, colorless, and dissolves readily in blood.
Heller myotomy is a surgical procedure [1] in which the muscles of the cardia (lower esophageal sphincter or LES) are cut, allowing food and liquids to pass to the stomach.It is used to treat achalasia, a disorder in which the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax properly, making it difficult for food and liquids to reach the stomach.
Disposable trocars Laparoscopic instruments for insertion through trocars. A trocar (or trochar) is a medical or veterinary device used in minimally invasive surgery.Trocars are typically made up of an awl (which may be metal or plastic with a pointed or tapered tip), a cannula (essentially a rigid hollow tube) and often a seal.
Medical gas therapy is a treatment involving the administration of various gases. It has been used in medicine since the use of oxygen therapy . [ 1 ] Most of these gases are drugs, including oxygen. [ 2 ]
The surgical insertion of an adjustable gastric band is often referred to as a lap band procedure or band placement. First, a small incision (typically less than 1.25 cm or 0.5 in.) is made near the belly button. Carbon dioxide (a gas that occurs naturally in the body) is introduced into the abdomen to create a work space for the surgeon. Then ...
The Nissen fundoplication procedure consists of a 360 degree transabdominal fundoplication. A fundoplication is the suturing of the fundus located in the stomach and around the esophagus. [5] The procedure itself is performed with the patient in a low lithotomy position at approximately 25 degrees.
laparoscopic surgery is equally effective and as safe as open surgery patients should undergo comprehensive preoperative evaluation and have multi-disciplinary support for optimum outcome In recent comparisons with sleeve gastrectomy , gastric bypass has shown slightly better outcomes in diabetes remission and weight maintenance .