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Butyric acid (/ ˈ b j uː t ɪ r ɪ k /; from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 COOH. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor.
Dilution is the process of decreasing the concentration of a solute in a solution, usually simply by mixing with more solvent like adding more water to the solution. To dilute a solution means to add more solvent without the addition of more solute. The resulting solution is thoroughly mixed so as to ensure that all parts of the solution are ...
Butyraldehyde, also known as butanal, is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 2 CHO. This compound is the aldehyde derivative of butane . It is a colorless flammable liquid with an unpleasant smell.
Butyryl chloride is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 C(O)Cl. It is a colorless liquid with a unpleasant odor. Butyryl chloride is soluble in organic solvents, but it reacts readily with water and alcohols. It is usually produced by chlorination of butyric acid. [1]
Butyryl-CoA (or butyryl-coenzyme A, butanoyl-CoA) is an organic coenzyme A-containing derivative of butyric acid. [1] It is a natural product found in many biological pathways, such as fatty acid metabolism (degradation and elongation), fermentation, and 4-aminobutanoate (GABA) degradation.
Butyl butyrate, or butyl butanoate, is an organic compound that is an ester formed by the condensation of butyric acid and n-butanol. It is a clear, colorless liquid that is insoluble in water, but miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether. Its refractive index is 1.406 at 20 °C.
Sodium butyrate is a compound with formula Na(C 3 H 7 COO). It is the sodium salt of butyric acid. It has various effects on cultured mammalian cells including inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation and induction or repression of gene expression. [1] As such, it can be used in lab to bring about any of these effects.
Before a 2007 report by Alber and coworkers, crotonyl-coA carboxylases and reductases (CCRs) were known for reducing crotonyl-coA to butyryl-coA. [3] A report by Alber and coworkers concluded that a specific CCR homolog was able to reduce crotonyl-coA to (2S)-ethyl malonyl-coA which was a favorable reaction. [3]